英语翻译With the development of the reform and opening-up,the ec

英语翻译
With the development of the reform and opening-up,the economic gap between eastern and western regions becomes wider and the distance between the development of rural and urban is greater.The economic cannot develop without the input of money.Chinese financial market is still on the initial stage.Therefore,the main source of money is bank finance.For villages credit cooperative,especially for remote place —Guizhou,which in rural western regions,most institutions of rural credit cooperatives are scattered in rural markets.Business is basically involved in rural markets.Operation ability,economic strength and public relations cannot be compared with city financial institutions.The relevant risk is bigger.the problem of loan guarantees cooperatives existing in the guarantors mostly are the immediate relatives or friends.Most of them have little difference with the lenders’ income.Most of them engaged in agricultural production and use that to as family principal source of income.Rural credit cooperatives’ loan guarantees mainly face the risk of credit,operation,natural,market and management.The capital demand is wide and numerous.There is no effective pawn as collateral.Also their wishes to answer for the debt is not very strong.To solve these problems and risks,the country should publish corresponding supporting policies to guide the lender cash way.For example,do not give cash directly but give agricultural production of raw materials needed to replace cash.Rural credit cooperatives’ approving loans should be improved and the enforcement of managers needs to be tougher.The regulators’ action against loan-shark should be in place.Our country should try to support good programs of agricultural production,etc.The rural credit cooperatives’ guaranteed loans measure indicators includes loan payback period,net present value,present value index etc.The fundamental risk index is loan payback period.Realistic loan risk assessment will encounter problems such as limited funds.It can be analyzed by the methods of portfolio analysis and linear regression analysis.
随着改革开放步伐的不断深入,东西部地区经济差距不断拉大,农村与城市的发展距离越来越远.经济的发展离不开资金的投入,中国金融市场还处于初级阶段.因此,资金的来源就主要来至银行融资.对农信社而言,特别是处在西部地区偏远的贵州,农信社的大部分机构都分散在农村市场,业务所涉及范围也基本在农村市场,经营能力、经济实力和公共关系都无法与城市金融机构相媲美,相应的风险也较大.农信社担保贷款中存在的问题是担保人大都是贷款人的直系亲属或朋友且大多和贷款人收入相差不大,都是从事传统的农业生产并以此来作为家庭的主要收入来源.农信社担保贷款主要面对信用风险、操作风险、自然风险、市场风险、管理风险、资金需求面广、需求笔数多、无有效抵押物作担保品、还款意愿差等.解决这些问题与风险的对策就是,国家应出台相应的配套扶持政策,引导贷款人的用款途径（比如不直接给予现金而是给予农业生产所需的原材料来替代现金等）；
农信社的审贷机制必须不断完善且管理者的执行力度要强；监管部门打击高利贷的监管措施要到位；国家要尽量扶持农民农业生产的好项目等.农信社担保贷款的衡量指标有贷款回收期、净现值、现值指数等,其中的根本性风险衡量指标是贷款回收期.现实的贷款风险评价中会遇到资金限量贷款等问题,这时可用组合分析法和线性回归法对其进行分析.

With the continuous deepening of reform and opening up, the economic gap between east and west is widening, rural and urban development farther and farther away. Economic development is inseparable from capital investments, China's financial market is still in its infancy. Therefore, the main sources of funds to come from bank financing. Of rural credit cooperatives, particularly those in remote western region of Guizhou, most organizations are decentralized rural credit cooperatives in the rural market, business scope has been largely in the rural market, management capacity, economic strength and public relations can not financial institutions with comparable cities, the corresponding risk as well. Secured loans of rural credit cooperatives is the guarantor of the problems are mostly immediate family members or friends of the lender and borrower income and the most similar, are engaged in traditional agricultural production and use as the family's main source of income. RCC secured loans primarily to credit risk, operational risk, natural risk, market risk, management risk, capital extensive demand side, demand amount in more, no effective collateral for collateral, the repayment will poor. Solve these problems and risk measures is that the state should support the introduction of appropriate complementary policies to guide the way the lender of money (for example, but does not directly give the cash needed for the production of raw materials to agriculture instead of cash, etc.); rural credit cooperatives Censoring mechanism must continue to improve and stronger enforcement of managers; regulatory control measures against loan sharks should be in place; countries to try to help farmers better agricultural production projects. Measure of rural credit cooperatives have secured loans loan payback period, net present value, present value index, which measure the fundamental risk of the loan payback period. Reality