英语翻译For most men,75 years may be considered an upper age lim

英语翻译
For most men,75 years may be considered an upper age limit for screening.Patients cannot benefit from screening and subsequent surgery unless they have a reasonable life expectancy.The increased presence of comorbidities for people aged 75 and older decreases the likelihood that they will benefit from screening.
Ultrasonography has a sensitivity of 95 percent and specificity of nearly 100 percent when performed in a setting with adequate quality assurance.The absence of quality assurance is likely to lower test accuracy.Abdominal palpation has poor accuracy and is not an adequate screening test.
One-time screening to detect an AAA using ultrasonography is sufficient.There is negligible health benefit in re-screening those who have normal aortic diameter on initial screening.
Open surgical repair for an AAA of at least 5.5 cm leads to an estimated 43-percent reduction in AAA-specific mortality in older men who undergo screening.However,there is no current evidence that screening reduces all-cause mortality in this population.
In men with intermediate-sized AAAs (4.0-5.4 cm),periodic surveillance offers comparable mortality benefit to routine elective surgery with the benefit of fewer operations.Although there is no evidence to support the effectiveness of any intervention in those with small AAAs (3.0-3.9 cm),there are expert opinion-based recommendations in favor of periodic repeat ultrasonography for these patients.

对于大多数男人来说,75岁的年龄可能被认为是筛查的上限.只有他们有一个合理的预期寿命,患者才能从筛选和随后的手术中获益.75岁及以上的人存在合并症的比例增加,导致他们将从筛查中受益的可能性减小.
在有足够的质量保证的前提下,超声检查的敏感性95％,特异性接近100％.质量保证的情况下很可能会降低测试的准确性.腹部触诊有精度差并且不是适当的筛选试验.
使用超声检查一次AAA就足够了.在对重新甄别那些初次筛查中呈正常的主动脉直径是有好处的.
开放手术修复至少5.5厘米的AAA,在接受检查的老年男性中,AAA特定的死亡率估计减少43％.
然而,目前没有任何证据表明,在这一人群中,筛查能降低所有原因的死亡率.
在男性患有中等大小的腹主动脉瘤（4.0-5.4厘米）中,定期监测提供类似的死亡率对操作次数越少的例行择期手术有利益.
虽然目前还没有证据来支持任何对小腹主动脉瘤（3.0-3.9厘米）干预的有效性,有专家的意见建议,这些患者定期重复超声是有利的.