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想请英语语法老师解释下句型中的语法现象.

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想请英语语法老师解释下句型中的语法现象.
1.Geneticists explain that since closely related persons are more likely to harbor identical genetic mutations,their children have a greater chance of being born with defects
请解释下其实中的are more likely to harbor的语法现象.
2.Although the risk is still significant,it is lower than previously thought.
请解释下其中的 than previously thought 的语法现象.
想请英语语法老师解释下句型中的语法现象.
1. be likely to是词组,有可能的意思,加上more就是更加可能,而harbor相当于have,拥有,心怀的意思.整句意为:遗传学家解释道:近亲结合更有可能产生基因突变,他们的小孩出生便有缺陷的几率更大.
2. previously是之前,先前的意思,thought是过去think分词,因为risk与think是被动关系,所以用过去分词,其实你可以这样看Although the risk is still significant, it is lower than (it is )previously thought
尽管风险依然很大,但比之前认为的要低.
再问: 为讨论更加深入,请继续回答: 1.请问英语中有没有 纯粹be to do(如are ,is to do)这样的句型,如有,情举例并说明下。 2.英语中than后面除了跟过去分词(如thought),还可以跟哪些?非常感谢。
再答: 1.有的。be to do 表示按计划或安排要做的事.When are you to leave for home? 2.名词,代词。比如 I am taller than you . I love history better than math.