英语翻译In Section 2,I inquire into the basic notion of an inter

英语翻译
In Section 2,I inquire into the basic notion of an interactive interface and critique the state of the art in theorizing about interactive interfaces – the decision cycle model.At present there is no settled view of what interactivity means.J.J.Gibson (1966,1979,1982) and proponents of the ecological approach to cognition (Lee,1978; Lee,1982; Shaw and Bransford,1977),for instance,have shown how perception itself is interactive.In visual perception,the movement of the eyes,head,body,all must act in a coordinated fashion to control the sampling of the optic array – the information about all the objects and their layout in the viewable environment.Since bodily activity is an integral part of perception the senses must be considered a system operating under principles of organization that include what Gibson called exploratory actions.Craning,twisting,walking,glancing,are exploratory actions of the visual system,hefting,stroking,squeezing,palpating are exploratory actions of the haptic system.This important insight has taught interface designers to give immediate sensory feedback so that users can pick up information about the structure and functionality of their software environments and learn in an ‘immediate’ way about the affordances (Gibson,1977) that they offer.In multimedia environments it enjoins designers to be sensitive to the information that can be picked up by coordinating virtual movement with imagery change.But this form of interactivity is certainly not the whole story when we consider what is required for reasoning and higher problem solving.
In Section 3,I discuss how we must overhaul the decision cycle model to accommodate forms of interactivity typically left out.Chief among these are the need to allow users to prepare,explore and maintain their environments.I briefly discuss some laboratory observations we have made of ways humans have of interacting with their environments to minimize cognitive load and simplify their cognitive tasks.My conclusion is that if dynamic interfaces are to support complex learning activities they must not only offer the type of perceptual affordances and action effectivities that Gibson described,they must also facilitate a range of actions for reshaping the environment in cognitively congenial ways.

在第2条中,我调查的基本概念1人机交互界面,与批判的现状,在理论约互动接口-决定周期模型.目前还没有解决的看法是什么互动的手段. j.j.吉布森（ 1966年, 1979年, 1982年）和倡议者,生态的方法认知（李, 1978年;李, 1982年; Shaw和布兰斯福德, 1977年） ,举例来说,表现出如何的看法本身是互动的.在视觉感知,运动的眼睛,头部,身体,都必须采取行动,在协调的方式来控制采样的光学阵列-信息的所有对象和他们的布局,在可视环境.由于身体活动是不可分割的一部分的看法感官必须被视为一个系统下运作的原则,组织,包括什么吉布森所谓的试探性行动. craning ,扭,散步,翻阅,是试探性的行动,视觉系统, hefting ,抚摸,挤压, palpating是试探性的行动的触觉系统.这一重要的洞察力,给介面设计师给予即时的感官反馈,使用户可以拿起信息的结构和功能,他们的软件环境和学习在一个'即时'的方式有关赋予（吉布森, 1977 ）指出,他们所提供的.在多媒体环境中,它责成设计师敏感的资料,可以拿起协调虚拟运动与意象的变化.但这种形式的互动性当然不是整个故事,当我们考虑什么是所需的推理和较高的解决问题.
在第3条中,我讨论如何,我们必须大修的决定,循环模式,以容纳形式的互动,通常排斥在外.行政之间,这些都是需要让用户作好准备,探索和维护其环境.简要讨论一些实验室的意见,我们已取得的方式人类的互动与环境,以尽量减少认知负荷,并简化他们的认知tasks.my得出的结论是,如果动态界面来支持复杂的学习活动,不仅要提供的类型感性赋予和行动effectivities说,吉布森描述的,他们也必须推动的一系列行动,为重塑环境的认知先天性的方式.